Oil burner



T. W. HUNTER.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 6,1921.

1,413 3,829, Patented. (M131, 1922 wj l,

A TTOP/VEY Patented @ct. 31, 1922.

THOMAS W. HUNTER, 0F OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

01L BURNER.

Application filed July 6, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS W. HUNTER, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Oakland, in the county of Alameda and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a fuel burner, and is particularly adapted for use with hydro-carbon oils, such as kerosene.

It is a principal object of the present invention to provide a burner utilizing hydrocarbon oils of the gravity of kerosene, which burner is decidedly simple in its construe tion, will maintain the oil at a low temperature, and at the same time will insure that the combustion of the oil will take place in a manner to produce a hot and substantially smokeless flame.

The present invention contemplates the use of a burner having a central pan circumscribing an oil well at the top of which combustion takes place, said pan being par tially enclosed with an apron adapted to create and direct a draft of air through the combustion zone of the burner, and thereafter directing the flame against a deflecting member.

he invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a view in vertical section and elevation showing the complete burner construction;

Fig. 2 is a view in plan showing the burner with parts broken away to disclose the oil drain.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, 10 indicates an annular base member having a wall 11. Lugs 12 are formed at intervals around the wall and support the members 13 extending from the sides of a burner structure 14. Bolts 12' hold the member in place. Formed as a part of the side wall 11 is an over-flow reservoir 15 into which surplus oil may drain from the burner. A drain pipe 16 connects with this reservoir.

The burner structure 14 comprises a generating pan 17 in the center of which an oil well 18 is made. The pan is substantially shallow, having a circumscribing vertical lip 19 and an inwardly inclined floor 20. At one point along the lip 19 is formed an overflow spout 21. This spout empties into the Serial No. 482,646.

reservoirv 15. A barrier 22 is formed across the throat of this spout to maintain the hydro-carbon oil at a desired level within the pan under certain conditions. The oil well 18 formed at the center of the burner pan s so arranged as to have its upper lip considerably above the floor of the pan. This portion of the well is formed by a substantially conical flange 23, which extends up from the floor of the pan and from the mouth portion of the well. A reservoir 24; extends beneath the floor and is in communication with a supply pipe 25.

During the operation of the present inven tion, it is intended that the supply pipe shall automatically deliver a determined quantity of liquid fuel to the reservoir, thus permitting the fuel on the surface of the well to continuously burn and allowing the fuel within the well to serve the purpose of a wick, as it is not intended to subject this fuel to a heat sufiicient to gasify the fuel, but merely to insure that it will be delivered in quantities as required for direct burn-. ing) of the liquid on the surface of the well.

upported upon the base 10 is an apron,

or deflector, 26 which circumscribes the burner 14 and is formed with a lip portion extending over the edge of the burner and down toward the center thereof. A large central opening 26 occursin the apron and accommodates the upwardly moving flame. By reference to Fig. 1, it will be readily seen that air may pass in to the bottom of the base, as indicated by the arrows a, and may then pass upwardly around the lip of the burner to be downwardly deflected, into the burner pan and thereafter u wardly deflected around the tapered face ofthe conical lip 23 and into the flame area above the well.

- When using kerosene it is found that the violent draft produced will tend to extinguish the flame of the burning oil when the burner is first ignited, and for that reason certain portions of the conical lip are cut away, as indicated at 28. This will direct a part of the air away from the flame and will give the oil a greater opportunity to burn. It is for the same reason that the off-set portions 29 are formed in the downwardly-turned lip of the deflecting apron. These will permit a quantity of air to pass directly out, without coming in contact intimately with the flame.

Supported above the burner at a pre-determined distance is a circular deflecting disc 30. This member has standards 31 by which it may be supported from a crossbar 32. The bar may be carried by a stove, or by uprights 33, as shown-in Fig. 1.

In the operation of the present invention, the device is set up, as shown in the drawing. This particular construction is especially adapted for burning kerosene, al-

though it will be understood that various modifications in the arrangement of the parts and the proportions of these parts might be made to properly burn other hydrocarbon oils of greater or lesser specific ravity.

lVhen the burner is to be started, oil is permitted to flow over into the pan and may there be ignited. The combustion of this oil \vill'be supported by air passing upwardly around the sides of the pan and, being deflected downwardly thereinto by the deflecting apron 26. The burning oil will sufficiently warm the air to produce a slight gasification of the upper flame of the oil in the reservoir. This gas will then be ignited and the liquid thus kindled, after which the oil in the pan will burn out, leaving only the flame emanatin from the well. As before described, the sldes of the lip 23 have been properly bevelled to prevent the flame being snuffed out by an excessive draft of air, and the members 29 have been provided for a similar purpose. Due to the ventilation of the burner and the manner in which air is controlled and distributed to properly support the combustion of the oil, it is insured that a continuous flame of high temperature will be developed from the burning liquid; and attention is again directed to the fact that the circulating air will maintain the liquid in the well at a temperature lower than its point of gasification, thus preventing back firing, explosions, or other accidents. In the event that there is a surplus of oil, it will overflow into the pan and may thereafter drain out through the spout into the over-flow reservoir.

It will thus be seen that the present invention is decidedly simple in its construction, having parts which are not liable to become broken or get out of order, and which burner will produce a substantially smokeless flame of high temperature.

While I have described the preferred form of my invention, it is to be understood that various changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A liquid fuel burner comprising a central oil well to which oil is continuously delivered, and at the mouth of which oil continuously burns; a circuinscribing generating pan for receiving oil to initially kindle the oil in the reservoir; an annular air deflecting apron circumscribing the pan and disposed above the same and directing a draft of air thereinto to support combustion of the oil in.the reservoir; and a lip circumscribing said well and having an outer beveled edge for preventing an excessive draft of air being delivered. to the flame.

2. A liquid fuel burner comprising a central oil well to which oil is continuously delivered, and at the mouth of which oil continuously burns; a circuinscribing generating pan for receiving oil to initially kindle the oil in the reservoir; and an annular air deflecting apron circumscribing the pan and disposed above the same and directing a draft of air thereinto to support combustion of the oil in the reservoir; a lip having an outer upwardly inclined face for preventing an excessive draft of air from being delivered to the flame a drain spout formed in one side of the generating pan and a reservoir to receive the surplus oil draining from said spout.

3. A liquid fuel burner comprising an annular pan formed with a central annular lip having an outer upwardly and inwardly inclined face; an oil reservoir circumscribed by said lip and formed in the center of said pan; and an air circulating structure extending around and over the pan to create a draft of air for supporting combustion of liquid burning on the surface of said reservoir.

4.. A liquid fuel burner comprising an annular pan formed with a central annular lip having an outer upwardly and inwardly inclined face; an oil reservoir circumscribed by said lip and formed in the center of said pan; an air circulating structure extending around and over the pan to create a draft of air for supportin combustion of liquid burning on the sur ace of said reservoir 5. A liquid fuel burner comprising an annular pan having a surrounding lip and a concave inclined floor, a reservoir formed centrally in said pan, a lip having an outer upwardly inclined face surrounding said reservoir, an air' deflector circumscribing said pan and having an inwardly and downwardly inclined flange disposed above the pan to create a draft of air to support the combustion of the fuel on the surface of the reservoir, an overflow spout for said pan and an overflow reservoir disposed adjacent the same.

THOMAS W. HUNTER. 

